Online Gambling is a fast-growing activity that takes various gambling activities to a global audience via the Internet. This includes casino, poker, sports betting and other games that can be played for real money. Each of these online games uses random number generators (RNG) that are programmed to produce a series of numbers that determines the outcome of the game. Some online casinos also offer bonuses to attract new players. However, it is important to understand that these bonuses are not necessary to win at a casino online.
Risk factors of gambling online include a lack of regulation and the availability of unlicensed providers. These factors make the risks of online gambling more acute, especially for vulnerable people. People who have experienced personal life events such as separation, injury or the death of a loved one may be particularly at risk of developing gambling problems. Furthermore, the normalization of gambling by its heavy promotion online and through sport increases people’s vulnerability.
Psychological harms of gambling are often hidden and can go undetected. These include loss of self-esteem and social disconnection, depression and other psychological distress. In addition, gamblers can experience financial stress that can result in food insecurity, housing issues and a lack of healthcare services. Moreover, the legacy of gambling harm can persist throughout life and can impact intergenerational relationships. Despite the wide range of causes, effective prevention interventions are limited. This article provides a synthesis and systematic review of the literature about the risk and protective factors for gambling online in adult populations.
